Convert a string to a double precision number
Double_Type atof (String_Type s)
This function converts a string s to a double precision value
and returns the result. It performs no error checking on the format
of the string. The function _slang_guess_type may be used to
check the syntax of the string.
define error_checked_atof (s)
{
if (__is_datatype_numeric (_slang_guess_type (s)))
return atof (s);
throw InvalidParmError, "$s is not a double"$;
}
Convert a string to an integer
Int_Type atoi (String_Type str)
The atoi function converts a string to an Int_Type
using the standard C library function of the corresponding name.
This function performs no syntax checking upon its argument.
Convert a string to an long integer
Long_Type atol (String_Type str)
The atol function converts a string to a Long_Type
using the standard C library function of the corresponding name.
This function performs no syntax checking upon its argument.
Convert a string to a long long
LLong_Type atoll (String_Type str)
The atoll function converts a string to a LLong_Type
using the standard C library function of the corresponding name.
This function performs no syntax checking upon its argument. Not all platforms provide support for the long long data type.
Convert a character code to a string
String_Type char (Integer_Type c)
The char function converts an integer character code (ascii)
value c to a string of unit character length such that the
first character of the string is c. For example,
char('a') returns the string "a".
If UTF-8 mode is in effect (_slang_utf8_ok is non-zero), the
resulting single character may be represented by several bytes.
If the character code c is less than 0, then byte-semantics
will be used with the resulting string consisting of a single byte
whose value is that of -c&0xFF.
A better name should have been chosen for this function.
Define upper-lower case conversion
define_case (Integer_Type ch_up, Integer_Type ch_low)
This function defines an upper and lowercase relationship between two
characters specified by the arguments. This relationship is used by
routines which perform uppercase and lowercase conversions.
The first integer ch_up is the ascii value of the uppercase character
and the second parameter ch_low is the ascii value of its
lowercase counterpart.
This function has no effect in UTF-8 mode.
Convert an object to double precision
Double_Type double (x)
The double function typecasts an object x to double
precision. For example, if x is an array of integers, an
array of double types will be returned. If an object cannot be
converted to Double_Type, a type-mismatch error will result.
The double function is equivalent to the typecast operation
typecast (x, Double_Type)
atof
function.
Typecast an object to an integer
Int_Type int (s)
This function performs a typecast of an object s to
an object of Integer_Type. If s is a string, it returns
returns the ascii value of the first bytes of the string
s. If s is Double_Type, int truncates the
number to an integer and returns it.
int can be used to convert single byte strings to
integers. As an example, the intrinsic function isdigit may
be defined as
define isdigit (s)
{
if ((int (s) >= '0') and (int (s) <= '9')) return 1;
return 0;
}
This function is equivalent to typecast (s, Integer_Type);
typecast, double, integer, char, char<@@ref>isdigitisdigit, char<@@ref>isdigitisdigit<@@ref>isxdigitisxdigit
Convert a string to an integer
Integer_Type integer (String_Type s)
The integer function converts a string representation of an
integer back to an integer. If the string does not form a valid
integer, a SyntaxError will be thrown.
integer ("1234") returns the integer value 1234.
This function operates only on strings and is not the same as the
more general typecast operator.
Character classification functions
Char_Type isalnum(wch)
Char_Type isalpha(wch)
Char_Type isascii(wch)
Char_Type isblank(wch)
Char_Type iscntrl(wch)
Char_Type isdigit(wch)
Char_Type isgraph(wch)
Char_Type islower(wch)
Char_Type isprint(wch)
Char_Type ispunct(wch)
Char_Type isspace(wch)
Char_Type isupper(wch)
Char_Type isxdigit(wch)
These functions return a non-zero value if the character given by
wch is a member of the character class represented by the
function, according to the table below. Otherwise, 0 will be
returned to indicate that the character is not a member of the
class. If the parameter wch is a string, then the first
character (not necessarily a byte) of the string will be used.
isalnum : alphanumeric character, equivalent to isalpha or isdigit
isalpha : alphabetic character
isascii : 7-bit unsigned ascii character
isblank : space or a tab
iscntrl : control character
isdigit : digit 0-9
isgraph : non-space printable character
islower : lower-case character
isprint : printable character, including a space
ispunct : non-alphanumeric graphic character
isspace : whitespace character (space, newline, tab, etc)
isupper : uppercase case character
isxdigit: hexadecimal digit character 0-9, a-f, A-F
Guess the data type that a string represents
DataType_Type _slang_guess_type (String_Type s)
This function tries to determine whether its argument s
represents an integer (short, int, long), floating point (float,
double), or a complex number. If it appears to be none of these,
then a string is assumed. It returns one of the following values
depending on the format of the string s:
Short_Type : short integer (e.g., "2h")
UShort_Type : unsigned short integer (e.g., "2hu")
Integer_Type : integer (e.g., "2")
UInteger_Type : unsigned integer (e.g., "2")
Long_Type : long integer (e.g., "2l")
ULong_Type : unsigned long integer (e.g., "2l")
Float_Type : float (e.g., "2.0f")
Double_Type : double (e.g., "2.0")
Complex_Type : imaginary (e.g., "2i")
String_Type : Anything else. (e.g., "2foo")
_slang_guess_type("1e2") returns
Double_Type but _slang_guess_type("e12") returns
String_Type.
Convert an object to a string representation.
String_Type string (obj)
The string function may be used to convert an object
obj of any type to its string representation.
For example, string(12.34) returns "12.34".
define print_anything (anything)
{
message (string (anything));
}
This function is not the same as typecasting to a String_Type
using the typecast function.
Convert a character to lowercase.
Integer_Type lower (Integer_Type ch)
This function takes an integer ch and returns its lowercase
equivalent.
Convert a character to uppercase.
Integer_Type toupper (Integer_Type ch)
This function takes an integer ch and returns its uppercase
equivalent.
Convert an object from one data type to another.
typecast (x, new_type)
The typecast function performs a generic typecast operation on
x to convert it to new_type. If x represents an
array, the function will attempt to convert all elements of x
to new_type. Not all objects can be converted and a
type-mismatch error will result upon failure.
define to_complex (x)
{
return typecast (x, Complex_Type);
}
x to a complex
number.
Get the data type of an object
DataType_Type _typeof (x)
This function is similar to the typeof function except in the
case of arrays. If the object x is an array, then the data
type of the array will be returned. Otherwise _typeof returns
the data type of x.
if (Integer_Type == _typeof (x))
message ("x is an integer or an integer array");
Get the data type of an object
DataType_Type typeof (x)
This function returns the data type of x.
if (Integer_Type == typeof (x)) message ("x is an integer");
_typeof, is_struct_type, array_info, _slang_guess_type, typecast